Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) Treatment — Naltrexone & MAT | Icon Medicine MD
Addiction Medicine — MAT for Alcohol Use Disorder

Alcohol Use Disorder Treatment — Evidence-Based Care

Alcohol use disorder is a medical disease, not a moral failing — and effective treatment exists. Icon Medicine offers FDA-approved MAT for AUD with naltrexone, Vivitrol, acamprosate, and disulfiram — same-day telehealth starts, no judgment, board-certified care.

Same-day Naltrexone/Vivitrol starts
Telehealth from MD, VA & FL
Board-certified addiction medicine
No judgment, no waiting list

What Is Alcohol Use Disorder — And Why Is It Treatable?

Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a chronic medical condition diagnosed when a patient's drinking pattern leads to significant impairment or distress. According to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), AUD exists on a spectrum — mild, moderate, or severe — based on how many DSM-5 criteria are met over a 12-month period.

Despite being legal and socially common, alcohol is among the most dangerous substances a person can regularly consume. Chronic heavy drinking reshapes the brain's reward, stress, and sleep systems, creating tolerance and a physical withdrawal syndrome that can be life-threatening when unmanaged. The good news: AUD responds well to evidence-based medication-assisted treatment (MAT).

Common patterns: daily drinking, nightly heavy use, weekend binges, "controlled" daily drinking that escalates, drinking in the morning to relieve hangovers, and difficulty stopping after the first drink. Any pattern that reflects loss of control, tolerance, or withdrawal qualifies for clinical evaluation.

~28M
US adults with past-year Alcohol Use Disorder (NIAAA)
~95K
Annual US deaths attributable to alcohol (CDC)
~25%
Reduction in heavy drinking days with naltrexone (COMBINE Study)
38%
Vivitrol adherence edge vs. oral naltrexone at 6 months

What Is Alcohol Use Disorder?

AUD is a clinically recognized substance use disorder recognized by the American Psychiatric Association and NIAAA. It follows the same DSM-5 diagnostic framework as other substance use disorders — and it is treatable with FDA-approved medications.

  • Drinking more or longer than intended, with repeated failed attempts to cut down
  • Strong urges or cravings to drink that are difficult to resist
  • Tolerance — needing progressively more alcohol to achieve the same effect
  • Withdrawal symptoms (tremor, anxiety, insomnia, sweating, nausea) when stopping or reducing use
  • Significant time spent obtaining, using, or recovering from the effects of alcohol
  • Continued drinking despite known physical or psychological harm
  • Giving up important activities at work, home, or socially because of drinking

Severity Tiers: AUD is diagnosed when 2 or more DSM-5 criteria are met within a 12-month period. Mild AUD = 2–3 criteria, Moderate = 4–5 criteria, Severe = 6+ criteria. Severity guides medication choice and level of care — Icon Medicine tailors MAT to where you fall on this spectrum.

Prevalence: Approximately 28 million US adults (≈11% of the adult population) meet criteria for past-year AUD, according to NIAAA's most recent national survey. Fewer than 1 in 10 receives any FDA-approved medication — leaving a massive treatment gap that telehealth MAT is uniquely positioned to close.

Signs & Symptoms of Alcohol Use Disorder

AUD presents across physical, behavioral, and psychological dimensions. Recognizing these signs is the first step toward recovery.

Physical Signs

  • Needing more drinks than before to achieve the same effect (tolerance)
  • Morning hand tremor ("the shakes") that improves after drinking
  • Blackouts — memory gaps after drinking periods
  • Frequent headaches, gastrointestinal upset, and blood pressure swings
  • Liver enzyme elevation, fatty liver, or alcohol-attributable medical complications
  • Withdrawal on stopping: tremor, sweating, anxiety, insomnia, racing heart

Behavioral Signs

  • Drinking more, or for longer, than intended
  • Continuing to drink despite relationship, job, or health problems
  • Repeated failed attempts to cut down or quit
  • Drinking to avoid or relieve withdrawal ("hair of the dog")
  • Spending significant time obtaining, using, or recovering from alcohol
  • Irritability, mood swings, and isolation when unable to drink

Psychological Signs

  • Strong cravings or urges to drink that are difficult to resist
  • Depression or anxiety that lifts temporarily after drinking
  • Using alcohol to self-medicate stress, trauma, PTSD, or insomnia
  • Inability to feel normal, calm, or social without alcohol
  • Persistent preoccupation with the next drink
  • Emotional numbness or blunted affect between drinking episodes

Alcohol Withdrawal Timeline

Alcohol withdrawal can be life-threatening — unlike most other substance withdrawals. Understanding the timeline underscores why supervised medical management is essential, not optional.

1
Hours 6–12

Tremor, Anxiety & Insomnia Begin

Tremors (often starting in the hands), anxiety, agitation, headache, nausea, sweating, insomnia, and a racing heart emerge as blood alcohol drops. Many patients mistake early symptoms for a bad hangover — but they are the first signals of a withdrawal curve that can escalate quickly.

2
Hours 12–24

Intensification & GI Symptoms

Tremor worsens and becomes visible. Profuse sweating, palpitations, elevated blood pressure, vomiting, stomach pain, and pronounced anxiety intensify. Cravings become overwhelming. This is the window where Icon Medicine reaches out to initiate outpatient monitoring and medication if not already in treatment.

3
Hours 24–48

Peak Seizure Risk

The most medically dangerous window for tonic-clonic (grand mal) seizures. Heavy, long-term drinkers and those who've previously withdrawn are at highest risk. Visual or auditory hallucinations can also appear. Inpatient or intensive outpatient monitoring, plus anti-seizure medication, is standard of care at this stage.

4
Hours 48–72

Delirium Tremens (DTs) — Medical Emergency

Delirium tremens is a true medical emergency: severe confusion, autonomic instability (dangerous heart-rate and blood-pressure swings), high fever, profound disorientation, and vivid hallucinations. DTs are fatal in up to 15% of untreated cases — but with prompt medical care, mortality drops below 1%. Anyone progressing to this stage requires hospitalization.

5
Hours 72–96

Acute Physical Symptoms Resolve

For patients who progress safely through the peak window, acute withdrawal begins to wind down. Tremor, sweating, and GI distress subside. Sleep remains fragmented, appetite returns, and mood starts to lift. Anti-craving medication (naltrexone, acamprosate) can typically be initiated or optimized now.

6
Weeks 1–4+

Post-Acute Withdrawal Syndrome (PAWS)

Intermittent cravings, mood swings, sleep disturbance, anxiety, and low motivation can persist for weeks to months after acute withdrawal resolves. PAWS is the highest-risk window for relapse. Ongoing MAT, behavioral support, and structured follow-up are how Icon Medicine protects long-term recovery during this phase.

Ready to Stop? We Can Start Today.

Same-day telehealth appointments available for Maryland, Virginia, and Florida patients. Buprenorphine prescription at your first visit — no waiting, no judgment.

How Icon Medicine Treats Alcohol Use Disorder

Our six-step protocol is built around the four FDA-approved medications for AUD — naltrexone, Vivitrol, acamprosate, and disulfiram — personalized, compassionate, and delivered entirely via telehealth with medical monitoring for withdrawal safety.

1

Same-Day Telehealth Evaluation

Your first appointment is a confidential telehealth visit. Our provider conducts a comprehensive AUD assessment — how much and how often you drink, history of withdrawal or seizures, prior quit attempts, and co-occurring conditions such as anxiety, depression, PTSD, or chronic pain. This usually takes 45–60 minutes and can happen the same day you reach out.

2

Personalized Treatment Plan

Based on your assessment, we choose the right FDA-approved medication for your goals. Patients aiming for reduced drinking often do well on oral naltrexone; those aiming for abstinence with adherence support benefit from Vivitrol (monthly injection); acamprosate is preferred for post-withdrawal craving control; disulfiram is reserved for motivated patients who want a deterrent. Your drinking history, medical history, and personal goals drive the choice.

3

Naltrexone / Vivitrol Initiation

Naltrexone blocks opioid receptors involved in alcohol's reward and craving pathways — published evidence (including the landmark COMBINE Study) shows it reduces heavy drinking days by roughly 25%. Vivitrol is the same medication as a once-monthly intramuscular injection, eliminating daily dosing and improving adherence for patients who want built-in accountability. Naltrexone can only be started once you are opioid-free for 7–10 days and typically after withdrawal symptoms have settled, so the timing is coordinated with your provider.

4

Withdrawal Monitoring & Stabilization

Because alcohol withdrawal can be life-threatening, we actively monitor you during the highest-risk window (hours 6–72). For most patients, telehealth-based monitoring with scheduled check-ins, vital-sign review, and as-needed medications is appropriate. Patients with severe AUD, prior seizures, or signs of delirium tremens are referred for inpatient detox and step back into our MAT program when medically cleared. All follow-up visits occur via telehealth — no travel, no waiting rooms, full privacy.

5

Maintenance or Taper

Once stable, we work with you on a maintenance plan that fits your goals. Many patients stay on naltrexone or Vivitrol for 6–12 months or longer to protect against relapse during the highest-risk window for cravings. Others taper off medication after sustained remission. Both paths are medically valid and evidence-based. We never force a timeline on your recovery.

6

Integrated Behavioral Support

MAT works best alongside behavioral support. We connect you with counseling resources, peer-support groups, and provide ongoing monitoring for co-occurring conditions — anxiety, depression, PTSD, and chronic pain — that often drive drinking in the first place. Treating the whole person is the foundation of lasting recovery.

Why Seek Professional Treatment

Alcohol withdrawal can be fatal — unlike most other substance withdrawals. Here is why medically supervised care is essential, not optional.

Alcohol Withdrawal Can Be Fatal

Unsupervised alcohol detox carries a real risk of seizures and delirium tremens (DTs) — a medical emergency with mortality up to 15% when untreated. Seizures typically hit between hours 24–48; DTs between hours 48–72. Medical evaluation, seizure precautions, and appropriate medication dramatically lower risk. Don't quit cold turkey alone — even if you've "done it before."

Co-Occurring Conditions

Most people with AUD use alcohol to self-medicate something: anxiety, depression, PTSD, chronic pain, insomnia, or trauma. Treatment that ignores these drivers leaves patients vulnerable to relapse or substitution with another substance. We screen and treat the whole picture — including mental-health support via our integrated psychiatric team.

Medical Complications of Long-Term Drinking

Heavy, prolonged alcohol use damages the liver, heart, brain, and nervous system — fatty liver disease, alcoholic hepatitis, cardiomyopathy, peripheral neuropathy, and alcohol-attributable cancers are common. A medical provider can order baseline labs, monitor organ function, and manage complications while you're in treatment — protecting your overall health throughout recovery.

Common Questions About AUD Treatment

Yes. AUD is recognized as a chronic medical disease by the American Medical Association, the American Psychiatric Association, the World Health Organization, and NIAAA. It is diagnosed when a person meets 2 or more DSM-5 criteria over a 12-month period. Like diabetes or hypertension, AUD is a long-term condition that responds to evidence-based medication, behavioral support, and ongoing medical monitoring — and it is not a moral failing or a question of willpower.
There are four FDA-approved medications for AUD. Oral naltrexone blocks the receptors involved in alcohol's reward and craving, reducing heavy drinking days. Vivitrol is extended-release naltrexone as a once-monthly injection — same medicine, no daily dosing. Acamprosate reduces post-acute cravings and supports abstinence. Disulfiram creates an aversive reaction when alcohol is consumed, useful for highly motivated patients who want a deterrent. Icon Medicine selects the right medication for your goals, drinking history, and medical profile.
Not necessarily. Treatment duration depends on your AUD severity, history, and personal goals. Many patients successfully come off medication after 6–12 months of stability. Others benefit from longer maintenance — particularly during the 6–18 month post-acute window when relapse risk is highest. Both paths are medically valid. We work with you to find the duration that fits your life rather than imposing an arbitrary timeline.
Yes. Icon Medicine provides fully telehealth-based AUD treatment for patients in Maryland, Virginia, and Florida. Your initial evaluation, naltrexone or Vivitrol prescription, and every follow-up visit happen via secure video — no in-person visits required. Telehealth removes major barriers to care: no travel, no waiting rooms, full privacy from your own home. For patients at risk of severe withdrawal or those who need inpatient detox stabilization, we coordinate with local inpatient programs and seamlessly transition you back into our telehealth MAT program once you're medically cleared.
It depends on your specific plan, but MAT for substance use disorders — including AUD — is covered under most major insurance plans due to the Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act (MHPAEA), which requires insurers to cover substance use disorder treatment at parity with medical and surgical conditions. We accept most major commercial insurance plans. Call us at (240) 966-4266 to verify your benefits before your first appointment — our team can confirm coverage with no obligation to schedule.
Dual diagnosis is common — many patients with AUD also meet criteria for OUD, particularly given increasing rates of fentanyl contamination in non-opioid drug supplies. We treat both conditions. Because naltrexone blocks opioid receptors, you cannot be on opioids (including buprenorphine) and naltrexone/Vivitrol at the same time; the two are sequenced with a 7–10 day opioid-free washout. Your Icon Medicine provider builds a comprehensive plan that addresses both AUD and OUD safely and effectively.
Same-day and next-day appointments are typically available. Once you book online or call us, your provider confirms your appointment. For most patients, naltrexone, acamprosate, or disulfiram is prescribed during or immediately after your first visit. Vivitrol injections are arranged after a brief opioid-free washout period (typically 7–10 days). There is no waiting list and no prior authorization required to schedule your evaluation — you can get started today.
Yes — alcohol withdrawal can be life-threatening, and unlike most other substance withdrawals it carries a real risk of grand mal seizures (typically hours 24–48 after your last drink) and delirium tremens (typically hours 48–72). DTs are a medical emergency with mortality up to 15% when untreated but below 1% with prompt medical care. Icon Medicine screens every patient for withdrawal risk during intake and provides active monitoring, scheduled check-ins, and appropriate medication. Patients at high risk are referred to inpatient detox first, then step back into our telehealth MAT program when stable. If you've been drinking heavily and daily, do not quit cold turkey alone — call us first.
That is very common. Despite FDA approval since 1994, fewer than 1 in 10 patients with AUD ever receives naltrexone, acamprosate, or disulfiram — and most general practitioners remain unfamiliar with these medications in routine practice. Icon Medicine's providers are board-certified in addiction medicine and use MAT as their primary approach to AUD. You do not need a referral, and you do not need to first convince your primary care doctor. You can book directly with us — confidentially, no gatekeeping, same-day.
Yes — and this is one of naltrexone's key advantages. Naltrexone works by reducing the rewarding "buzz" from alcohol, which over time reduces cravings and the desire to drink heavily. It does not make you sick if you drink (unlike disulfiram), and there is no interaction that causes dangerous side effects when alcohol is consumed on naltrexone. Many patients on naltrexone notice a steady week-over-week reduction in how much they drink, often reaching their goal of significantly reduced drinking or full abstinence over several months. It's compatible with harm-reduction goals as well as abstinence goals.

Resources & References

Our treatment protocols are grounded in published peer-reviewed evidence. If you need immediate support, free and confidential help is available 24/7.

NIAAA — Alcohol Treatment Research

National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism overview of AUD treatment options, including medication, behavioral therapies, and mutual-support groups.

niaaa.nih.gov — Treatment for Alcohol Problems

SAMHSA National Helpline

Free, confidential, 24/7 treatment referral and information service for individuals facing substance use disorders.

1-800-662-4357

FDA Approval — Vivitrol for AUD (2006)

FDA approval announcement for extended-release naltrexone (Vivitrol) for the treatment of alcohol dependence — landmark move expanding MAT access beyond opioid use disorder.

FDA Prescribing Information (PDF)

Anton et al. (2006) — COMBINE Study

"Combined Pharmacotherapies and Behavioral Interventions for Alcohol Dependence (The COMBINE Study)." JAMA, 295(17):2003–2017. Landmark RCT showing naltrexone significantly reduces heavy drinking days when combined with medical management.

The Sinclair Method (TSM)

Pharmacological extinction approach using naltrexone taken only before drinking. Documented in peer-reviewed literature and used internationally for harm-reduction AUD treatment.

SAMHSA TIP 49 — Incorporating Alcohol Pharmacotherapies

Treatment Improvement Protocol covering the four FDA-approved AUD medications, including clinical workflow, dosing, and patient-selection guidance for primary care and addiction medicine providers.

Insurance & Pricing

MAT for substance use disorders is covered under most insurance plans. Transparent self-pay pricing is always available with no hidden fees.

Insurance Accepted

We accept most major commercial insurance plans. Coverage for MAT is required under the Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act (MHPAEA). Call us to verify your specific benefits before your appointment.

CareFirst BlueCross BlueShield Aetna Cigna United Healthcare Humana Medicare Maryland Medicaid MCO Most Commercial Plans

Don't see your plan listed? Call (240) 966-4266 — we verify coverage for all major insurers.

Self-Pay & Insurance

MAT for Alcohol Use Disorder

$0 with most insurance
Self-pay options from $149/visit
  • Same-day telehealth evaluation
  • Oral naltrexone or Vivitrol prescription same visit
  • Medical monitoring visits for safe withdrawal
  • Transparent self-pay pricing
  • Board-certified addiction medicine
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Take the First Step Toward Recovery Today

You've been managing this alone long enough. Icon Medicine offers same-day, judgment-free AUD treatment via telehealth — from the privacy of your home, starting today.

Board-certified addiction medicine 100% telehealth — MD, VA & FL Same-day starts available Confidential & HIPAA-compliant

This page is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Alcohol Use Disorder treatment should be supervised by a qualified healthcare provider. If you are experiencing a medical emergency — including active withdrawal, seizures, or thoughts of harming yourself — call 911 or go to your nearest emergency room. Icon Medicine is a telehealth practice licensed in Maryland, Virginia, and Florida.